ENGLISH GRAMMAR NOTES FOR COMPETITION EXAMS – PDF
TOPIC- MODALS

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MODALS

ENGLISH GRAMMAR NOTES FOR COMPETITION EXAMS – PDF – MODALS

Modals – ( 1 ) Can ( 2 ) Could ( 1 ) May Might ( 5 ) Shall (6) Should  ( 7) Will ( 8 ) Would ( 9 ) Must ( 10 ) Ought to (11) Used to ( 12 ) Need ( 13 ) Dare

सामान्य प्रयोग:-

• Possibility :
  • ( a ) Remote Possibility ( कम सम्भावना ) –> Might
  • ( b ) Common –> May
  • ( c ) More Possibility or Certainty –>  Must
• Suggestion :
  • ( a ) Moral Duty –> Ought to
  • ( b ) Legal Duty –> Must
  • ( c ) Common –> Should
• Permission :
  • ( a ) May –> Request with respect.
  • ( b ) Can –> Friendly Request.
• Ability / Capacity  ( योग्यता / क्षमता ) :
  • ( a ) Can –> ( वर्तमान की)
  • ( b ) Could –> ( भूतकाल की)
• Request / offer ( Question Form ) :
  • ( a ) Will –> सामान्य 
  • ( b ) Would / Could  –>  polite request / offer 
• Will/Shall का प्रयोग – Future Tenses में I और We के साथ सामान्यतया shall तथा शेष subjects के साथ will का प्रयोग किया जाता है ।
  • प्रश्नवाचक वाक्यों में I और we के पहले shall का प्रयोग किया जाता है न कि will का ।
• (Determination – दॄढ़ निश्चय | Threat – धमकी  | Promise – वादा  | Command – आदेश )  –>  I/We के साथ will तथा शेष subjects के साथ shall का प्रयोग किया जाता है ।
• ( a ) Need not-आवश्यकता नहीं । (b) Must– आवश्यकता / अनिवार्यता ।
• ( a ) Used to / Would –> Past habit / routine / repeated activity  (b) Dare –> Couage (साहस/हिम्मत )
• ( a ) Lest (ऐसा न हो कि ) –> Should ( b  ) So that (ताकि) –> ( a ) May ( वर्तमान में ) ( b  ) Maght  ( भूतकाल में )
• If + sub + had + V3 ————-  would have + V3 
  • काल्पनिक स्थिति , Wish , preference –>  Would +V1 .
  • Prohibition →must not,  Nobody तथा  No one से शुरू होने वाले वाक्यों में shall का प्रयोग होता है ।
• Optative Sentences ( Pray/Wish/Curse) सामन्यतया  –> May से आरम्भ होते हैं । ऐसे वाक्यों के अंत मे विस्मयादि बोधक चिन्ह (!) का प्रयोग होता है ।
• (a) Modal  + V1 –> ( Active Voice  में)
  • (b) Modal  +  have + V3  –>( कार्य पूर्ण होने का भाव)
  • (c) Modal + be +V3  –> ( Passive Voice में )
• जब Reporting Verb Past Tense में है तो Direct Speech के वाक्य को Indirect बनाने पर Will/ Shall/ Can/ May क्रमशः Would /Should /Could /Might में बदल जाते है | 
• Modals का प्रयोग सहायक क्रियाओ (H.V. ) की तरह वाक्य को नकारात्मक तथा प्रश्नवाचक बनाने के लिये भी किया जाता है | वाक्य को नकारात्मक बनाने के लिये Modals के बाद Not का प्रयोग किया जाता है । वाक्य को प्रश्नवाचक लाने के लिये Modal को Subject (कर्ता) के पहले रखते है ।

ENGLISH GRAMMAR NOTES FOR COMPETITION EXAMS – PDF – MODALS

Practice Set -1

Fill up the blanks with appropriate modals.

1. He ……………….be very rich, he travels AC first class and stays in five-star hotels.
2. We have got plenty of time, we……………… not hurry
3. …………………..his soul rest in peace !
4. If you win the race, I ……………………. give you a prize.
5. You ……………. to obey your parents .
6. If I were a bird, I ……………..fly high in the sky.
7. If A is bigger than B, and B is bigger than C, then A………………….. be bigger than C.
8. The baby is crying, he ………………. be hungry.
9. The class is over, You …………………..go now.
10. ……………………you please send me an application form?
11. I…………………win the first prize in the lottery.
12. ……………………….God bless you with a son!
13. I………………do this work whether you help me or not .
14. How ……………you ask me such questions ? ( Courage )
15. I…………………..throw you out if you make a noise .
16. You………………………. not take an umbrella; it is not raining
17. Excuse me …………………….. I go through your newspaper?
18. If you had invited me, I………………. have attended your marriage.
19. You…………………….to respect your teachers.
20. There are black clouds in the sky, it…………………… rain.

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Answer Key

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